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Gainesville is a city located in Alachua County, Florida, most known for the University of Florida, home to the Florida Gators football team. It is the county seat of Alachua County.
As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 95,447.
Gainesville is located at 29°39'55" North, 82°20'10" West (29.665245, -82.336097).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 127.2 km² (49.1 mi²). 124.8 km² (48.2 mi²) of it is land and 2.4 km² (0.9 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 1.87% water.
Gainesville was originally formed along the Florida Railroad Company's line stretching from Cedar Key, Florida to Fernandina Beach, Florida as part of a route eventually carrying cargo from New Orleans, Louisiana to New York. In 1854 Gainesville became the new Alachua County seat (moving from the more populated but inconveniently located Newnansville). The city is named for General Edmund Gaines, commander of U.S. Army troops in Florida during the Second Seminole War.
Gainesville was the scene of a skirmish in the Civil War. Union forces were attempting to capture two trains but were repulsed by Confederate cavalry. These same Union forces were defeated five days later at the Battle of Olustee north of Gainesville.
Gainesville's fortunes took a major turn when the University of Florida was created by the Florida Legislature in 1905. Gainesville was chosen as the site, beating out competitors Lake City and Ocala. The university has brought the town a youthful population, cultural opportunities, and world class medical facilities. The sports drink Gatorade was invented in Gainesville as a means of refreshing the UF football team and UF still receives a share of the profits from the beverage.
Terror struck residents of Gainesville in August 1990 when five students were found brutally murdered in their apartments over a three day period. After extensive investigation, Danny Rolling was charged with the murders and convicted in 1994. The murders attracted national attention and heightened awareness of security issues at the University of Florida and elsewhere. A monument to the victims now exists along Southwest 34th Street, including five palm trees in the median and a painted wall.
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This city is also known as: Gainesville.
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