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Norfolk is a city in the U.S. state of Virginia in the United States of America. It is an independent city, and therefore part of no county. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 234,403. Norfolk is located on the Elizabeth River, on Hampton Roads. The locals do not pronounce the "L" in the city's name, pronouncing it "NOR-fuk" instead of "NOR-folk".
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 249.4 km² (96.3 mi²). 139.2 km² (53.7 mi²) of it is land and 110.3 km² (42.6 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 44.22% water.
The site of what is now Norfolk was originally the Chesipean Indian town Skicoak. The Chesipeans had been destroyed by Powhatan by the time of the arrival of the first English settlers, who, in 1585, settled on Roanoke Island. In 1591, the colony of Roanoke had disappeared without a trace. The city was laid out in 1682. In 1862, the battle between the ironclads Monitor and Merrimac was fought in Hampton Roads, off Norfolk.
Norfolk is a major military center. With Portsmouth, it forms an extensive naval complex. The headquarters of the 5th Naval District, the Atlantic Fleet, the 2nd Fleet, and the Supreme Allied Command are there. Naval Station Norfolk is the largest naval base in the United States and includes a naval air station and other facilities. The Norfolk Naval Shipyard or "Norfolk Navy Yard" is in Portsmouth, Virginia. (They could not name it the "Portsmouth Naval Shipyard," because there was already one of those in Portsmouth, New Hampshire.) Several vessels of the Navy have been named USS Norfolk after the city.
General Douglas MacArthur is buried in the city; there is a small museum for him, and a major shopping mall across the street from his burial site is named for him. The city is home to Old Dominion University and Norfolk State University; Virginia Wesleyan College, a private liberal arts college, has a Norfolk mailing address, but almost all of its campus lies in the adjacent city of Virginia Beach. The city's public school system comprises 5 high schools, 8 middle schools, 34 elementary schools, and 9 special-purpose/preschools.
The international headquarters of PETA are located on the city's waterfront just to the east of downtown.
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This city is also known as: Norfolk.
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