Roswell travel guide — Roswell tourism and travel information

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Roswell travel guide

about Roswell

Roswell is a city located in Chaves County in the southeastern quarter of the state of New Mexico, USA. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 45,293. It is a center for irrigation farming, dairying, ranching, manufacturing, distribution, and petroleum production. It is also the home of New Mexico Military Institute, founded in 1891. Bitter Lake National Wildlife Refuge is located a few miles northeast of the city on the Pecos River. In the 1930s Roswell was a site for much of Robert Goddard's later rocketry work. It is also famous for the Roswell UFO incident.

Roswell geography

Roswell is located at 33° 23' 14" North, 104° 31' 41" West (33.387160, -104.528116).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 75.0 km² (29.0 mi²). 75.0 km² (28.9 mi²) of it is land and 0.1 km² (0.04 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 0.07% water.

Roswell history

The first non-indigenous settlers of the area around Roswell were a group of pioneers from Missouri who attempted to start a settlement 15 miles southwest of what is now Roswell in 1865 but were forced to abandon the site because of a lack of water.

Van Smith, a businessman from Omaha, Nebraska, and his partner, Aaron Wilburn, established two adobe buildings in 1869 that grew into what is now Roswell. The two buildings became the settlement's first general store, post office, and sleeping quarters for paying guests. In 1871, Smith filed a claim with the federal government for the land around the buildings, and in 1874, he became the town's first postmaster. He called the town Roswell, after his father's first name.

In 1877, Captain Joseph Calloway Lea and his family bought out Smith and Wilburn's claim and became the owners of most of the land of Roswell and the region surrounding it. The town was relatively quiet during the Lincoln County War (1877-1879). A major aquifer was discovered on the Nathan Jaffa Ranch near town in 1891, resulting in the area's first major growth and development spurt. The growth continued when a railroad was built through town in 1893.

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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Roswell, New Mexico".

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