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Tehran (also spelled Teheran) (تهران or طهران in Persian), population 11,050,000 (metropolitan: 15,000,000), is the capital of Iran. More than half of the country's industry is based there. Industries include manufacturing cars, electronic and electrical equipment, weaponry, textiles, sugar, cement, and chemical products. It is also a leading center for the sale of carpets. There is an oil refinery nearby. Tehran has two international airports and a few military airports.
It nearby in the pre-Mongol era. In the 13th century, following the destruction of the city of Rages by Mongols, many of its inhabitants fled to Tehran. In some sources of the Mongol era the city is mentioned as "Rages's Tehran" (طهرانِ ری). The city is later mentioned in Hamdollah Mostowfi's Nezhat ol-Gholoob (written in 1340) as a famous village.
Tehran became a residence of the Safavid rulers in the 17th century by Tahmasp I who built a baazar for it, and a wall around the city, but was later abandoned a little because Abbas I started to hate the city deeply, after he turned sick when he was passing the city to go to a war with Uzbeks.
In the early 18th century, Karim Khan Zand ordered a palace, a harem, and a governmental office to be built in Tehran, possibly to declare the city his capital, but later moved his government to Shiraz. Tehran finally became the capital of Persia in 1795, when the Qajar king Agha Mohammad Khan was crowned in the city. It remains the capital to this day.
During World War II, British and Soviet troops entered the city. Tehran was the site of the Teheran Conference in 1943, attended by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Premier Joseph Stalin.
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This city is also known as: Tehran.
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